Build a Squirrel Den Box with Limited Tools

Building a Squirrel Den Box with Limited Tools

Squirrel den boxes, also known as squirrel nesting boxes, provide a safe and secure haven for squirrels, particularly during breeding season and harsh weather conditions. While specialized tools and materials are often recommended for constructing these boxes, it's possible to build a functional and appealing squirrel den box using readily available tools and resources.

Materials

For this project, we'll focus on using materials that are commonly found in most households and readily accessible at hardware stores.

Wood

The primary material for the squirrel den box will be wood. Opt for durable and weather-resistant wood types like cedar, redwood, or pressure-treated lumber. Avoid using pine or other softwoods that are prone to decay and damage.

• Bottom Panel: 1/2-inch thick wood, dimensions matching the desired base of the box.
• Side Panels (2): 1/2-inch thick wood, height of the box minus the thickness of the bottom panel.
• Front Panel: 1/2-inch thick wood, the same width as the side panels, with a pre-cut entry hole.
• Back Panel: 1/2-inch thick wood, same width as the side panels.
• Roof Panel: 1/2-inch thick wood, dimensions slightly larger than the bottom panel to create an overhang.
• Entry Hole: Cut a circular or rectangular opening in the front panel, sized appropriately for the squirrel species. For Eastern Gray squirrels, a 6-inch diameter hole is typically recommended.

Fasteners

Select fasteners that are strong enough to hold the wooden panels together securely and resist the elements. Consider using:

• Wood Screws: 1-1/2-inch or 2-inch screws, with a diameter of at least 10 gauge. Choose stainless steel or galvanized screws for long-lasting durability.
• Nails: Galvanized or stainless steel nails, 1-1/2-inch or 2-inch long.

Other Materials

• Wood Glue: Use a high-quality wood glue to enhance the bond between the wooden panels and add extra strength to the structure.
• Paint or Stain: Optional for protecting the wood and enhancing the visual appeal of the box. Choose exterior-grade paints or stains for long-lasting protection against the elements.
• Felt or Straw: Optional for providing a soft and comfortable nesting material. This can be placed inside the box after construction.

Tools

This project can be completed with basic tools found in most toolboxes or readily available at hardware stores.

• Measuring Tape: Accurately measure the dimensions of the box and the materials.
• Pencil: Mark the wood for cutting and drilling.
• Saw: Cut the wood panels to the desired dimensions. A handsaw, circular saw, or jigsaw can be used depending on the available equipment and level of comfort.
• Drill: Create pilot holes before screwing the panels together, and for attaching the hinges to the roof if desired.
• Screwdriver: Drive screws securely into the wood.
• Hammer: Drive nails into the wood for added support.
• Clamps: Hold the wood panels together while gluing and screwing them.
• Sandpaper: Smooth the edges and surfaces of the wood to prevent splintering.

Construction Process

Follow these steps to build your squirrel den box:

1. Cutting the Wood Panels

Using a measuring tape and pencil, mark the wood panels according to the desired dimensions of the box. Carefully cut the panels using the selected saw, ensuring clean and straight cuts. For the front panel, cut a circular or rectangular entry hole using the saw, jigsaw, or drill bit.

2. Assembling the Base

Place the bottom panel on a flat surface. Align the side panels along the edges of the bottom panel, ensuring they are flush and perpendicular to the bottom. Apply wood glue to the edges of the bottom panel and the side panels. Clamp the panels together, ensuring they are securely held in place. Drill pilot holes and screw the panels together. Repeat this process for the back panel.

3. Attaching the Front Panel

Place the assembled base upside down on a flat surface. Align the front panel with the open side of the base, ensuring the entry hole faces the front. Apply wood glue to the edges of the front panel and the base. Clamp the panels together and secure them with screws.

4. Constructing the Roof

Place the roof panel on a flat surface. Measure the width of the base of the box and mark the center point of the roof panel. Using a drill, create two pilot holes near the center mark. Attach hinges to the roof panel at the pilot hole locations. Measure the length of the base of the box and mark the center point on the back panel of the box. Drill two pilot holes near the center mark.

5. Attaching the Roof to the Box

Place the box on a flat surface. Align the hinges on the roof panel with the pilot holes on the back panel of the box. Secure the hinges using screws. Gently lift the roof panel to ensure it opens and closes smoothly.

6. Adding the Finishing Touches

Sand the edges and surfaces of the box to prevent splintering and improve the overall appearance. Apply a coat of exterior-grade paint or stain if desired. After the paint or stain has dried, you can place nesting material inside the box, such as felt or straw.

Installing the Squirrel Den Box

Once your squirrel den box is complete, choose a suitable location for its installation. Aim for a location with good visibility and some protection from the elements.

• Height: Install the box at least 10 feet above ground level. This will help to discourage predators and make it difficult for squirrels to be easily observed.
• Protection: Place the box in a sheltered spot away from direct sunlight and strong winds. A tree or a large bush can offer natural protection.
• Accessibility: Ensure the box is accessible for cleaning and maintenance, without posing any safety risks.

By following these steps, you can create a safe and comfortable home for squirrels in your backyard using basic tools and common materials. Enjoy the joy of watching these playful and curious creatures thrive in their new den!